Decarbonisation in industry is a crucial factor in achieving global climate goals. Especially for energy-intensive industries (such as steel, non-Iron metals, chemicals and food and beverages), avoiding process-related emissions and thus decarbonising production is a major challenge.
In order to advance the independence from fossil fuels in industry and to achieve greenhouse gas neutrality in the long term, an increase in energy efficiency and the electrification of energy-intensive processes are inevitable. Because the industry’s enormous energy demand can hardly be met in any other way. Energy storage plays a key role in this.
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In the 2015 Paris Agreement, the international community set itself the goal of limiting global warming versus pre-industrial levels to well below 2 degrees, preferably 1.5 degrees. In 2020 the European Council adopted the goal of climate neutrality for the EU in 2050 and also increased the EU's climate protection target for 2030. Greenhouse gas emissions are to be reduced by at least 55 percent compared to 1990, previously it was 40 percent. But: According to the Global Carbon Budget Report 2022, global CO2 emissions are still too high to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius. For the year 2022, the scientists project total emissions of 40.6 billion tonnes of CO2.
Decarbonisation is the elimination or reduction of technologies that cause CO2. Defossilisation refers to the substitution of fossil fuels with renewable alternatives, so-called green fuels. Defossilisation plays a role above all in industrial sectors where decarbonisation through electrification is difficult or impossible to achieve.